The Six CPS Outcome Domains Explained

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January 2026 9 min CPS Basics

The Six CPS Outcome Domains Explained

Pennsylvania's Community Participation Support framework is built around six outcome domains. These domains guide service planning and ensure comprehensive, holistic support.

The Six Domains

1. Competitive Integrated Employment Pursuing meaningful work in integrated community settings with competitive wages and benefits. This goes beyond sheltered workshops to real jobs in real workplaces.

**Examples:** Working retail, food service, office administration, animal care, library support, landscaping.

2. Community Inclusion Genuine participation in everyday community activities — shopping, dining, recreation, faith communities, hobby groups, classes.

**Examples:** Attending a fitness class, shopping at a local store, volunteering at a community center, joining a hobby club.

3. Purpose & Responsibility Contributing meaningfully to family, community, or personal endeavors. This is about having a sense of purpose and making meaningful contributions.

**Examples:** Volunteering, helping family members, caring for a pet, participating in a cause you care about.

4. Engagement in Local Community Connecting with local organizations, businesses, civic groups, and community resources. Building a web of community connections.

**Examples:** Visiting local businesses, attending community events, connecting with faith communities, participating in civic activities.

5. Social Networks & Natural Supports Building and sustaining genuine friendships and relationships. Moving beyond staff-provided support to natural community relationships.

**Examples:** Developing friendships through employment or activities, building relationships with community members, strengthening family connections.

6. Self-Determination & Self-Advocacy Making informed choices about your life, directing your own services, and advocating for your needs and preferences.

**Examples:** Choosing your own activities, expressing preferences about support, making decisions about your future.

How Domains Work Together

These domains are interconnected. For example: - A job (Domain 1) creates community connections (Domain 4) and friendships (Domain 5) - Volunteering (Domain 3) builds community engagement (Domain 4) - Self-advocacy skills (Domain 6) support all other domains

Individualized Planning

Not every individual will pursue the same level of activity in each domain. ISP planning helps identify which domains matter most to each person and creates goals accordingly.

Measuring Success

Success in CPS is measured by progress toward individual goals within these domains, not by program participation or activity counts.

Questions?

If you'd like to discuss how these domains apply to a specific situation, contact us.

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